<.>DP=202402$<.>

Zaitsev, O. .
    Separate issues regarding compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage [Електронний ресурс] = Questoes distintas relativas a indemnizacao por danos morais (nao pecuniarios) / O. Zaitsev, A. Shut, I. Shumilo, O. Kostiuchenko, I. Miroshnykov // Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo Atual. - 2023. - Vol. 4, No. 42. - P. 668-685. - References : p. 683-685
   Перевод заглавия: Окремі питання щодо відшкодування моральної (немайнової) шкоди

УДК	343.122:347.51

РУБ DOI: 10.21902/Revrima.v4i42.6555

Аннотация: Objective: The article is aimed at studying certain issues of legal regulation of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage. Methods: The methodological basis of the research on the indicated topic is a set of used general scientific and special legal methods. These methods complement each other taking into account the research topic, which in turn contributes to objective analysis. Among the methods of research on the topic of this article, it is worth highlighting dialectical and semantic methods, the method of system analysis, and the method of analogy, comparative legal and historical methods. Results: Is to study and analyse the current legislation to identify the possibility of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual who has suffered from a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine, with further formulation of possible conditions and procedure for compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual caused by a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. Conclusion: The article is devoted to the investigation of the possibility of compensation (compensation) of moral (non-property) damage to an individual who suffered from a criminal offense at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. The definition of the concept of moral (non-property) damage caused to an individual by a criminal offense is formulated. The content of moral (non-property) damage and the conditions for its reimbursement are analyzed.

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Yaroshenko, O. .
    Protection of the Rights of Workers of Industrial Enterprises by International Humanitarian Law (on the Example of the War in Ukraine) [Електронний ресурс] / O. Yaroshenko, N. Melnychuk, O. Moskalenko, R. Prokopiev, Y. Yaryhina // Comparative Law Review. - 2023. - Vol. 29. - P. 73-96. - [2 статті з однією назвою, опубліковані в різних виданнях]
   Перевод заглавия: Захист прав працівників промислових підприємств міжнародним гуманітарним правом (на прикладі війни в Україні)

УДК	349.2:341.231.14]:341.3

РУБ DOI: 10.12775/CLR.2023.003

Аннотация: The purpose of the research is to assess the state of protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises from the viewpoint of both international and national legislation in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The research was conducted using qualitative analysis, formal-legal, logical-legal, system-functional methods, as well as the method of interpreting legal norms (method of legal hermeneutics). The paper states the insufficient effectiveness of the norms of modern international humanitarian law regarding the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The paper describes the general and special regime of regulation of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. For the first time, the authors proposed to understand the protection of the rights of individuals by international humanitarian law in both a broad and a narrow sense, and the meaning of such approaches was revealed. The publication developed recommendations for the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of armed conflicts, recommendations which are important for the development of regulations, which indicates the practical significance of the paper.

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Kaplina, O. .
    Standards for ensuring the legality of covert activities in criminal proceedings through the prism of European Court of Human Rights [Електронний ресурс] = Os padrões para garantir a legalidade de atividades encobertas em processos penais através da prática do Tribunal Europeu dos Direitos Humanos / O. Kaplina, A. Tumanyants, I. Krytska // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 217-236. - References : p. 234-235
   Перевод заглавия: Стандарти забезпечення законності негласної діяльності у кримінальному судочинстві крізь призму Європейського суду з прав людини

УДК	343.1:[341.645:341.231.14](4)

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-11

Аннотация: The article deals with the implementation of covert activities in criminal proceedings through the prism of international acts, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The purpose of the article is to analyse the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights (particularly, on the application of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights in the context of covert action in criminal proceedings), and on this basis to identify the standards for conducting covert investigative actions and to determine the impact of these standards on the legislation of certain European countries. The general philosophical basis of the study was formed by axiological and hermeneutical approaches. In particular, the first one allowed to carry out a value analysis of the fundamental human right to privacy and to assess the impact of covert investigative activities in criminal proceedings on its implementation. Meanwhile, the second made it possible to apply an in-depth study and interpretation of the legal texts of the European Court of Human Rights judgments and the legislation of particular states. When building the system of covert action standards, we used the systemic and structural method, as well as the logical research method and the method of legal modelling with. The analysis of the legal positions of the ECtHR made it possible to conditionally single out the following standards for ensuring the legality of the implementation of covert activity in criminal proceedings: (1) predictability; (2) warranty against abuse; (3) verifiability; (4) exclusivity; (5) proportionality of the intervention and its expediency; (6) inadmissibility of tacit interference in the communication of some subjects.

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Shevchuk, O. M..
    The Rights to access to Information and National Security in the Ukraine in the System of Human Rights [Електронний ресурс] = O Direito de Acesso à Informação e a Segurança Nacional na Ucrânia no Sistema de Direitos Humanos / O. M. Shevchuk, I. V. Protsiuk, I. V. Samoshchenko, A. V. Panova, A. O. Shaposhnyk // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 257-282. - References : p. 280-281
   Перевод заглавия: Права на доступ до інформації та національна безпека в Україні в системі прав людини

УДК	342.95:351.746.1]:341.231.14

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-13

Аннотация: The article is devoted to the study of the problems of realizing the right of a person to access information in Ukraine, which is important for national security in the human rights system, its features and components, taking into account the practice of the ECtHR. The methodological basis is a set of philosophical, general scientific, special methods of scientific knowledge, which allowed the authors to determine the importance and complexity of the human right to access to public information that is important for national security and its place in the decisions of the ECtHR. The article analyzes international legal norms and standards, theoretical and legal approaches to understanding the right to access to public information under study, establishes its components, correlation with other human rights. The concept, types, principles of realization of the right to access to information of importance to national security are established. The ways of improving the national legislation regarding the implementation of the human right to access to public information that is important for national security in the context of Ukraine's European integration are proposed.

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Danilyan, O. .
    Value aspects of the safe existence of social systems in an unstable world [Електронний ресурс] / Danilyan O., O. Dzоban, Y. Kalynovskyi, M. Saltanov // Cogito. - 2023. - Vol. 15, No. 4. - P. 60-78. - References : p. 76-78. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Ціннісні аспекти безпечного існування соціальних систем у нестабільному світі

УДК

1:316

Аннотация: The paper analyzes the axiological aspects of the safe existence of society in conditions of global instability. The authors defined the essence of social solidarity as a factor of increasing stability in social systems. The importance of social justice for reducing the level of conflict in the existence of modern societies has been proven. The institutional importance of democracy and democratic values for the safe development of social systems is substantiated.

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Tovkun, L. .
    International experience of e-commerce taxation and its application in Ukraine (legal aspect) [Електронний ресурс] = Experiência internacional de tributação do e-commerce e sua aplicação na Ucrânia (aspecto jurídico) / L. Tovkun, M. Perepelytsia, N. Maryniv, A. Ovcharenko // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 92-114. - References : p. 111-114
   Перевод заглавия: Міжнародний досвід оподаткування електронної комерції та його застосування в Україні (правовий аспект)

УДК	347.73:336.22

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-05

Аннотация: The relevance of this paper is determined by the fact that e-commerce is one of the elements of the digital market and is fully or partially conducted in the virtual space (the Internet). The main objective of this paper is to cover the content of e-commerce, study the experience of its taxation in leading countries of the world with the possibility of adapting it in Ukraine, as well as provide proposals for improving the e-commerce taxation system in Ukraine. The following methods used to study this subject can be distinguished: dialectical method, legal cognitive method, comparative legal method, formal legal method, historical method, hermeneutical method, structural and functional method, etc. In the course of the study, the content of e-commerce was considered, the international legal and national regulatory framework for its regulation was determined, the international experience of implementing e-commerce was studied, and attention was focused on the features of taxation of e-commerce entities. The provisions that are enshrined in this paper are of practical value primarily for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs who carry out their activities in the field of e-commerce, for competent state bodies that will prepare draft amendments and additions to tax legislation.

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Biliaiev, O. .
    Contractual dynamics in Ukrainian civil law regulation [Електронний ресурс] = Dinâmica contratual na regulamentação do direito civil ucraniano / O. Biliaiev, A. Isaiev, N. Korobtsova, I. Puchkovska, V. Yanyshen // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 237-256. - References : p. 254-256
   Перевод заглавия: Договірна динаміка в українському цивільно-правовому регулюванні

УДК	347.4(477)“364”

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-12

Аннотация: The research delves into the evolving contractual dynamics within Ukrainian civil law amid European integration, quarantine measures, and martial law. Focusing on the balance between individual rights and the broader civil legal framework, the study seeks to assess the current Civil Code of Ukraine and proposes enhancements to safeguard individual rights during challenging periods, such as martial law. Various research methods were used in the study, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction, generalisation, abstraction, and formal legal research. As a result, the author has established that the current system of civil law provisions is characterised by certain shortcomings which affect certain types of activities of the subjects of these relations. The authors highlight that the process of European integration, the introduction of quarantine restrictions, and martial law in Ukraine had the most significant impact on the formation of problematic issues in the system of national civil legislation. As such, the study focuses on the general problem of regulating civil relations, namely, the legal status of a private person, as well as on specific aspects of this issue, contractual regulation and amendments to existing rules. Based on this, the author argues that the priority for addressing these issues is the development of new laws and modifications to the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine.

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Cherkashyna, M. .
    The concept of “unique water bodies” in the environmental law of Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] = Поняття “унікальні водні об’єкти” в екологічному праві України / M. Cherkashyna // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2023. - Vol. 10, Iss. 3. - P. 39-55. - References : p. 50-55

УДК	349.6:502.51](477)

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2023.10.3.2

Аннотация: The article suggests and substantiates the author’s approach to defining the concept of “unique water bodies” in the environmental law of Ukraine. It states that scientific developments in the field of water law terminology, and classification of water bodies are not final, and under current conditions, further development is necessary. After all, the legal regimes of protection, use and reproduction of water bodies depend on the clarification of their types and well-founded characteristics. The interrelation between the concepts: “especially valuable natural objects”, “especially protected natural territories and objects”, “unique natural objects” was studied. It was determined that there is no unified approach to this matter in environmental legislation. In some regulatory acts, the legislator equates the concepts of unique and especially valuable natural objects, others contain provisions according to which unique natural objects are enshrined along with especially valuable ones, but all of them are subject to special legal protection in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine. The article places emphasis on the uniqueness of water bodies because of the legal status of water (water bodies), which, firstly, constitute the national property of the Ukrainian people, and secondly, are a strategic and vital natural resource in the system of ensuring sustainable development and national security of Ukraine. The sharp deterioration of the ecological state of all ecosystems, including water ones, as well as the current ecological situation, which is characterized by an acute shortage and the population’s need for water resources of drinking quality, in today’s conditions put the ecological and social status of water bodies in the first place and demand their isolation corresponding category of water objects. By researching the views of scientists, conducting an analysis of national environmental and other legislation, the essential features of the legal concept of “unique water objects” were determined: 1) location within the territory (of an object) with a special legal status or recognition of a water object directly as an object of international agreement; 2) priority use to meet the needs of drinking and household water supply of the population; 3) exclusive use by the population for medical and recreational purposes; 4) the presence of a diversity of valuable plants, their natural communities, animals and microorganisms (together with their habitats) in the ecosystems of water bodies. It is worth noting that the presence of at least one of the above-mentioned signs is the basis for recognizing a water body as unique. The author’s legal concept of “unique water bodies” was formulated, defining them as natural or artificially created water bodies that have a special ecological and priority social importance for meeting drinking and household needs, and exceptional medical and health-improving value. It points out the importance of preserving the natural biodiversity of water bodies and maintaining the general ecological balance of the natural environment, for which a special legal regime of protection, use, and reproduction is set out with restrictions or prohibitions of activities that do not correspond to the main purpose of the water body and its significance for humans and natural environment. The need to establish a special legal status of unique water bodies, as well as the corresponding legal regimes for their protection, use and restoration, monitoring, control, and entering them into the state water registry is specified. It also emphasizes the need to conduct further scientific development of the concept “unique natural objects” and consolidate the concepts of individual types of unique natural objects in the national environmental legislation, taking into account the peculiarities of their legal regimes.

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Roianova, I. .
    The concept of demilitarized territories as a means of the United Nations preventive diplomacy measures [Електронний ресурс] / I. Roianova // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2020. - Vol. 7, Iss. 5. - P. 6-13. - References : p. 12-13
   Перевод заглавия: Концепція демілітаризованих територій як засіб заходів превентивної дипломатії ООН

УДК	341.7:341.123

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2020.7.5.1

Аннотация: The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the concept of formation of demilitarized territories (buffer zones) within the framework of the United Nations preventive diplomacy measures. The idea of preventive diplomacy was first formulated by the second UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld in 1960 and acquired special significance at the end of the twentieth century, which was, to some extent, due to the end of the ”Cold War”. In the article, UN preventive diplomacy as an activity that aims to prevent conflicts in the world or, if they occur, to limit the spread of conflicts is regarded. The fact that the creation of demilitarized zones is one of the measures of preventive diplomacy, which is implemented by the UN Security Council in the framework of peace enforcement operations is highlighted. Thus, the goal of this article is to analyse the examples of the formation of buffer zones under the leadership of the UN Peacekeeping Forces, which shall further supervise the compliance with the regime of such zones. In particular, the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the creation of demilitarized zones in Cyprus, in Srebrenica, as well as the border areas between North and South Korea, Israel and Egypt, Israel and Syria are considered. The study of such cases allows to determine and describe the main principles of the concept of formation of demilitarized territories (buffer zones) as a highly effective preventive diplomacy measure. In other words, the essence of the concept is to prevent armed conflict and reduce military activity by moving armed forces, military equipment and weapons as well as any other military facilities outside the zone. The concept is based on such imperative principles of International Law as peaceful settlement of disputes and non-use of force or threat of force. It is necessary to mention that the concept described in this research is based on formal grounds such as resolutions of the UN Security Council, which has certain differences from legal frameworks of buffer zones creation on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements.

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Serhieieva, А. .
    CEPEJ Gudelines for Mediation Resolving Administrative Disputes – A Comparison between Council of Europe States and Ukrainian Perspectives [Електронний ресурс] = Wytyczne CEPEJ dotyczace rozwiazywania sporow administracyjnych za pomoca mediacji – porownanie perspektywy panstw rady Europy i Ukrainy / А. Serhieieva // Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica. - 2023. - Vol. 105. - P. 185-194. - References : p. 194
   Перевод заглавия: Рекомендації CEPEJ щодо медіації при вирішенні адміністративних спорів – порівняння між державами Ради Європи та українськими перспективами

УДК	341.62:342.9.03

РУБ DOI: 10.18778/0208-6069.105.11

Аннотация: The status of Ukraine as a candidate country for the European Union membership reinforces the need for comparative analysis between Ukrainian regulations and law of other EU Member States as well as European regulations. One ofthe fields of comparative law is a development of mediation for disputes covered by administrative law. It has already been a subject of interest and promotion to both - The EU and the Council of Europe, since European standards of democracy provide for state cooperate with citizens individuals. The aim of this article is, to examine the main provisions, recommendations and best practices of the CoE member states, and to analyse the current practice and existing gaps in Ukraine in order to develop a proposal for effective implementation in the light of the most recent CEPEJ Guidelines promoting mediation to resolve administrative disputes. A comparative overview of this type of mediation regulations may be considered as novum. As for methodology, the paper is dominated by the logical-linguistic and comparative method. So far-though Ukrainian legal system is quite compatibile with the examined CEPEJ gudelines and provide for inter-branch solutions - the development of administrative and court-administrative mediation is quite resilient and there is still much to be done not solely with legal regulations, but also.mediation culture'' in such field.

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Golovashevych, O. .
    Comparative characteristics of approaches to resolving tax disputes in Ukraine and Great Britain [Електронний ресурс] / O. Golovashevych, A. Kotenko, I. Krynytskyi, M. Kucheryavenko // Journal of Global Business and Technology. - 2023. - Vol. 19, Iss. 2. - P. 1-13. - References : p. 11-13. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Порівняльна характеристика підходів до вирішення податкових спорів в Україні та Великобританії

УДК	347.73:336.22](477+410)

Аннотация: The article considers certain aspects of building a strategy for resolving tax conflicts in Great Britain and compares it with the regulatory regulation of these processes in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the tax conflict initially manifests itself in the mismatch of interests of the taxpayer and the state, and its natural development becomes its development into a tax dispute, the traditional ways of solving which in the majority of countries of the world are administrative and judicial appeals. It is emphasized that the taxpayer can freely choose the appeal path immediately after receiving the tax notice decision. A significant emphasis in the article is made precisely on the foreign experience of resolving tax disputes, and the characteristics of legal instruments and constructions different from those available in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of the means of unifying approaches in resolving very similar tax disputes in Ukraine and Great Britain was carried out. The joint functional purpose of the precedent approach used in Great Britain and the institute of exemplary cases implemented in Ukraine in recent years is emphasized. The similarity of the purpose of the precedent approach and exemplary cases with the purpose of the mechanism of general tax consultations in the aspect of increasing the efficiency of resolving tax disputes is characterized.

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Silchenko, S. .
    Compliance by employers with the Labor Code of Ukraine: On the issue of dismissal for improper performance of work [Електронний ресурс] / S. Silchenko, O. Sereda, D. Kravtsov, I. Zinovatna, T. Krasiuk // Social and Legal Studios. - 2023. - Vol. 6, No. 4. - P. 217-225. - References : p. 223-225
   Перевод заглавия: Дотримання роботодавцями Кодексу законів про працю України: проблема звільнення за неналежне виконання роботи

УДК	349.2:331.108.644.7

РУБ DOI: 10.32518/sals4.2023.217

Аннотация: The relevance of the study of the legal regulation of dismissal of employees for improper performance of labour duties is due to the fundamental changes and reforms in labour legislation which require a more detailed study of the social and legal aspects of labour relations. The purpose of this study is to get acquainted with the procedure for dismissing employees, especially in the form of disciplinary proceedings for improper performance of duties. The study used a theoretical methodological approach, the method of legal hermeneutics, a formal legal, methodological approach, the method of deduction, the method of induction. In the course of the study, the characteristic aspects of labour relations in general, the specific features of the employment contract, and the procedures for dismissal for violation of relevant labour obligations in the framework of disciplinary proceedings were analysed. Modern judicial practice was considered, which provides an opportunity to analyse theoretical provisions in their reflection in the real practice of law enforcement in Ukraine to describe this particular procedure for dismissing an employee more thoroughly. The results of the study also identified certain problems in this area that may interfere with its effective functioning. These problems are related to the contradictory interpretation of legal norms regulating the procedure for dismissing an employee for improper performance of official duties. Therefore, to resolve this conflict of laws issue, the practice of the Supreme Court was considered, and the current legislation was analysed, which helps to provide explanations on all the features of the procedure for dismissing an employee legally. The study provides practical guidance for Ukrainian employers on how to properly dismiss employees for non-performance, ensuring compliance with the law, clear criteria for decision-making and the necessary documentation.

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Herbut, N. .
    Parliamentary Elections and the Gender Aspect: A Comparative Analysis of the Experience of Ukraine and Sweden [Електронний ресурс] / N. Herbut, V. Rossikhin, V. Panchenko, T. Madryha, O. Berezovska-Chmil // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, No. 1. - P. 161-180. - References : p. 179-181
   Перевод заглавия: Парламентські вибори та гендерний аспект: порівняльний аналіз досвіду України та Швеції

УДК	342.8:342.53]:305]](477+485)

РУБ DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.1.161.180

Аннотация: Gender aspects in parliamentary elections are becoming more and more important both in the context of achieving equality between the two sexes, and in view of the important role of women in increasing the effectiveness of politics, tolerance, and combating violence and war. Studying the Swedish experience in achieving gender equality in politics will reveal directions for further political reforms in this area. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective practices for achieving gender balance in politics by conducting a comparative analysis of the Swedish and Ukrainian experience. The main methods are statistical analysis, comparative legal method and rating method. The study of the legislation of both countries regarding gender quotas and the analysis of additional ways in which Sweden achieved modern results made it possible to formulate recommendations for Ukraine that can contribute to the achievement of gender equality in the course of parliamentary elections.

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Serohin, V. .
    The Role of State Control in the Implementation of Legislation on Local Self-Government [Електронний ресурс] / V. Serohin, S. Serohina, I. Harashchuk, O. Lialiuk, I. Kopotun // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, No. 1. - P. 145-159. - References : p. 157-159
   Перевод заглавия: Роль державного контролю в реалізації законодавства про місцеве самоврядування

УДК

352

РУБ DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.1.145.159

Аннотация: This study aims to identify and solve problems related to the implementation of legislation on local self-government through state control mechanisms. The current national legislation of Ukraine has several shortcomings in this area. The system of administrative courts is designed to resolve these issues. Control functions of the state about local self-government bodies can be subject to abuse of power, as evidenced by the lack of the expected efficiency. Moreover, the state currently exercises administrative, financial, parliamentary, and judicial control. It is proposed to single out public control as a separate form to eliminate the existing shortcomings of the practical application of the control functions of the state about local self-government. The lack of unity in the practice of applying the current rules of law on state control in this area shows that the problems related to the protection of local self-government bodies from state intervention have not been resolved. Local self-government bodies have only judicial means of protecting their independence from the state. This creates problems in ensuring balanced territorial development. Therefore, further research should focus on studying the possibilities of performing the control function in the field of local self-government not only by the state but also by the beneficiaries and civil society institutions.

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Us, M. .
    Criminological Effectiveness of the Astrent as a Legal Incentive for Judgment Enforcement [Електронний ресурс] / M. Us, S. Glotov, Y. Nosik // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, No. 1. - P. [1-16]. - References : p. 12-16
   Перевод заглавия: Кримінологічна ефективність астренту як правового стимулу для виконання судових рішень

УДК	343.9:347.952

РУБ DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.1.1.16

Аннотация: The enforcement of judicial decisions is a pivotal aspect of the criminal justice system. The institution of an astrent is recognized as a legal mechanism designed to motivate a debtor to comply with a judicial decision, thereby serving as a deterrent to non-compliance and as a reinforcement of the rule of law. This coercive tool, by imposing negative material consequences, is intended to ensure adherence to a verdict, which is essential for maintaining public trust in the justice system – a core criminological concern. Given the varying legal nature of the astrent across different jurisdictions, this study examines its potential introduction into Ukrainian law from a criminological perspective, analyzing its deterrent capacity within the framework of criminal justice enforcement. The research outlines the similarities and distinctions between the astrent and other punitive measures, delving into its effectiveness as a defense method and its role in bolstering the execution of judgments. It highlights specific dispute categories within the criminal justice system where the astrent could significantly enhance compliance. Critical to the adaptation of this European legal construct to Ukrainian legislation, the paper scrutinizes several foundational issues that necessitate resolution. Notably, the paper discusses the termination of the right to an astrent post-imposition, suggesting that the objective impossibility of fulfilling a judicial act – owing to circumstances emerging after the court's decision and leading to the obligation's termination as per Article 607 of the Civil Code – should be the sole ground for relieving a debtor from the astrent payment. The study's alignment with criminological interests lies in its potential to shape debtor behavior, augment the effectiveness of legal sanctions, and provide empirical evidence for policy-making in the realm of crime management and enforcement legislation. The implications for both national and international criminological scholarship are considered, with the article contributing to the ongoing discourse on the optimization of punitive measures within the justice system and their theoretical underpinnings.

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Mirzoiev, R. .
    The comparative study of the concepts “transfrontier” and “cross-border” cooperation in the documents of the Council of Europe and the European Union [Електронний ресурс] / R. Mirzoiev // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2020. - Vol. 7, Iss. 2. - P. 24-31. - References : p. 30-31. - [Автор Мірзоєв Руфат Ширзад огли був аспірантом каф. міжнародного права до 2021 р.]
   Перевод заглавия: Порівняльне дослідження понять «транскордонне» та «транскордонне» співробітництво в документах Ради Європи та Європейського Союзу

УДК	341.176(4):339.94

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2020.7.2.3

Аннотация: The article hereof is devoted to the analysis of the meaning and correlation of the basic conceptsin the sphere of the international co-operation between local and regional authorities from thepoint of view of the Council of Europe and the European Union, that are, respectively –“transfrontier” and “cross-border” co-operation. The documents of the Council of Europe definethe international co-operation between local and regional authorities standing a commonborder as “transfrontier co-operation”, the documents of the European Union use the term“cross-border cooperation” instead. On the basis of the research the doctrinal conclusion is made, that the concept “transfrontier co-operation”, that is used in the documents of the Council of Europe, in particular, in the Madrid Convention (1980) and its Protocols, and the term“cross-border cooperation”, that is used in the documents of the European Union, have thesimilar meaning, because they stipulate the same international relations that arise on the locallevel between regional and territorial authorities under condition of the common borderexistence. The proposition is made, that the definition of the concepts “transfrontier co -operation” and “cross-border cooperation” should be presented by the Council of Europe andthe European Union jointly.

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Boldyriev, S. .
    Exercise of State Control over Local Self-Government in the Field of Environmental Protection [Електронний ресурс] / S. Boldyriev, T. Steshenko, S. Serohina, S. Fomina, I. Kapelista // WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development. - 2024. - Vol. 20. - P. 26-36. - References : p. 34-36
   Перевод заглавия: Здійснення державного контролю за органами місцевого самоврядування у сфері охорони навколишнього природного середовища

УДК	342.95:352]:349.6

РУБ DOI: 10.37394/232015.2024.20.4

Аннотация: Today, environmental protection is a priority task for the governments of countries around the world due to the deepening of environmental problems and their impact on people's lives. Several problematic issues can and must be solved at the local level, which will make environmental policy more effective and take into account local needs. The study aimed to analyse the competence of local self-government bodies in terms of monitoring compliance with environmental legislation. A comparative analysis was used to study the issue of ensuring the protection of the environment and ecosystem by local self-government bodies through the prism of legal protection. During the research, several obstacles to the implementation of effective environmental protection measures at the local level were identified: the imperfection of the financing system, the lack of environmental awareness, the absence of effective administrative and procedural measures, and the imperfection of state control. In response to the identified problems, the positive experience of implementing the norms of the European Charter of Local Self-Government was investigated. It was established that the decentralization of local self-government had a positive effect on the protection of the ecosystem, as it brought local authorities closer to the public and provided local authorities with real powers to solve problems related to compliance with environmental legislation. In addition, to increase the effectiveness of mechanisms of state control over local self-government in the field of environmental protection, a system of principles of such control is proposed, consisting of publicity, systematicity, effectiveness, objectivity, impartiality, and universality. The proposed system will cover several key environmental problems and quickly and effectively solve them with the involvement of competent specialists and the public. The state of environmental protection at the local level is seen in further research and justification to determine practical recommendations for the implementation of decentralization of local self-government.

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Hartmane, I. .
    Impacts of war on Ukrainian nature [Електронний ресурс] / I. Hartmane, B. Biyashev, A. P. Getman, O. M. Yaroshenko, H. V. Anisimova // International Journal of Environmental Studies. - 2024. - [Published online: 09 Feb 2024]
   Перевод заглавия: Наслідки війни для природи України

УДК	349.6:355.01(477)

РУБ DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2024.2314856

Аннотация: The network of nature reserves that has been a centrepiece of Ukraine’s environmental policy has been devastated by Russian aggression. Violation of their integrity threatens endemic species and irreplaceable ecosystems; indeed, entire ecosystems have been lost; extensive fires, illegal logging, mechanical damage and chemical contamination of the soil cover are responsible for a critical reduction in forest cover, and degradation of the soil and water conservation and recreational functions of the nature reserve fund. Measures are proposed to make the best of a bad situation at the local level, as well as ways to prevent a bigger ecological catastrophe.

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Sereda, O. .
    New steps of digitalisation of civil justice in Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] / O. Sereda, V. Mamnitskyi, P. Kornieva, I. Cherevatenko // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2024. - Vol. 7 [не вказано у Web of Science], iss. 1. - P. 416-426. - References : p. 424-425
   Перевод заглавия: Нові кроки діджиталізації цивільного судочинства в Україні

УДК	347.91/.95

РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-7.1-n000118

Аннотация: Background: The emergence of virtual space and digital technologies is a natural consequence of the scientific and technical progress of humankind. Currently, digital technologies are actively used in the field of law, particularly within the judiciary. Therefore, the development of e-courts is a response to modern challenges. This paper is devoted to the issue of the evolution of digitalisation in civil justice; specifically, it examines the development and regulatory regulation of the use of electronic courts (e-courts) in civil proceedings. It elucidates the peculiarities and difficulties of using the electronic court to combat bureaucracy in civil proceedings. Furthermore, the paper explores the key elements of e-justice and assesses the possibility of implementing electronic lawsuits in Ukraine's courts. It also delineates the peculiarities of employing electronic means of proof in civil proceedings. Moreover, the paper clarifi es the possibility of conducting court hearings online using platforms such as Meet and Zoom, drawing insights from the practices of other countries. Additionally, it compares the American Pacer system with the Ukrainian analogue, the "Electronic Court", as one of the ways to access case materials via the Internet. Lastly, the paper outlines the practice of the Supreme Court regarding the use of electronic subpoenas and the advantages of the electronic form. Methods: An analysis of judicial practice and positions of the Supreme Court regarding individual elements of e-justice and the legality of their application was carried out. Also, special attention was paid to the practice of other countries regarding their use of electronic courts and the possibility of similar proceedings in Ukraine. Results and Conclusions: Based on the analysis, the authors concluded regarding the further improvement of the electronic court system in civil proceedings. Conclusions highlighted the advantages of digitalisation in the civil justice system.

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